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IQ tests
1.
2. An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score
derived from one of several standardized
tests designed to assess intelligence. The
abbreviation "IQ" comes from
the German term Intelligenz -
Quotient, originally coined by
psychologist William Stern. When modern
IQ tests are devised, the mean (average)
score within an age group is set to 100 and
the standard deviation (SD) almost always
to 15. Thus, the intention is that
approximately 95% of the population
scores within two SDs of the mean, i.e. has
an IQ between 70 and 130.
What is IQ ???
3. IQ scores have been shown to be associated
with such factors as morbidity and mortality,
parental social status and, to a substantial
degree, biological parental IQ. While
the heritability of IQ has been investigated for
nearly a century, there is still debate about the
significance of heritability estimates and
the mechanisms of inheritance. IQ scores are
used as predictors
of educational achievement, special needs, job
performance and income. They are also used to
study IQ distributions in populations and the
correlations between IQ and other variables. The
average IQ scores for many populations have
been rising at an average rate of three points per
decade since the early 20th century, a
phenomenon called the Flynn effect. It is
disputed whether these changes in scores reflect
real changes in intellectual abilities.
Factors indicating on IQ
4. Well-known modern IQ tests include Raven's Progressive Matrices, Wechsler
Adult Intelligence Scale, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Stanford-
Binet, Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, and Kaufman Assessment
Battery for Children.
Approximately 95% of the population have scores within two standard
deviations (SD) of the mean. If one SD is 15 points, as is common in almost all
modern tests, then 95% of the population are within a range of 70 to 130, and 98%
are below 131. Alternatively, two-thirds of the population have IQ scores within one
SD of the mean, i.e. within the range 85-115.
IQ scales are ordinally scaled.While one standard deviation is 15 points, and two
SDs are 30 points, and so on, this does not imply that mental ability is linearly
related to IQ, such that IQ 50 means half the cognitive ability of IQ 100. In
particular, IQ points are not percentage points.
The correlation between IQ test results and achievement test results is about 0.7.
Modern IQ tests
5. IQ can change to some degree over the course of
childhood.However, in one longitudinal study, the
mean IQ scores of tests at ages 17 and 18 were
correlated at r=.86 with the mean scores of tests
at ages five, six and seven and at r=.96 with the
mean scores of tests at ages 11, 12 and 13.
IQ scores for children are relative to children of a
similar age. That is, a child of a certain age does
not do as well on the tests as an older child or an
adult with the same IQ. But relative to persons of
a similar age, or other adults in the case of
adults, they do equally well if the IQ scores are
the same. To convert a child's IQ score into an
adult score the following calculation should be
made: child IQ score * age/16=adults IQ score
The number 16 is used to indicate the age at
which supposedly the IQ reaches its peak.
IQ and age
6. Name Score Details
Abdesselam Jelloul 198
Scored in a 2012 test including 13 dimensions of
intelligence.
William J. Sidis 197
Child prodigy with exceptional mathematical &
linguistic abilities.
Christopher Langan 195 Called "the smartest man in America".
Garry Kasparov 190 Chess grandmaster, writer and political activist.
Leonardo da Vinci ~190
A genius polymath: painter, sculptor, architect,
scientist...
Ludwig Wittgenstein 190
Philosopher primarily in logic, the philosophy of
mathematics...
Sir Isaac Newton ~190
Physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural
philosopher, alchemist...
Bobby Fischer 187 A chess Grandmaster and a child prodigy.
Marilyn vos Savant 185 Magazine columnist, author, lecturer, and playwright.
Kim Ung-Yong 170 Korean civil engineer and former child prodigy.
Albert Einstein 160 Theoretical physicist (the general theory of relativity).
Akrit Jaswal 146
Child prodigy who performed his first surgery at the age
of 7.
The highest IQ score
There are a lot of people who say that the highest IQ
ever is 228 by Marilyn vos Savant but theoretically it
is impossible to have an IQ over 200. here are some of
the highest IQs known till nowadays
7. lowest IQ in the world
Usually an IQ under 70 is
categorized as "Definite feeble-
mindedness", 5% of people
have an IQ under 70 and this
is generally considered as the
benchmark for "mental
retardation", a condition of
limited mental ability in that it
produces difficulty in adapting
to the demands of life.
However, people with smooth
brains or lissencaphaly tend to
get the lowest IQ's, which is
around 20. Adaptive behavior
ratings scales can go lower,
but there's really no point,
because once you get to IQ's
that low, there's virtually no
real difference in performance..